Kitanotenmangu Shrine, dedicated to Sugawara no Michizane, the god of learning, serves as the head shrine for approximately 12,000 Tenmangu and Tenjin shrines across Japan. The Main Hall (Honden) , a national treasure, was constructed by Toyotomi Hideyori and is an excellent example of the luxurious architectural style of the Momoyama period .
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Kitano Tenmangu Shrine: What Makes It Special？
Image source: Kitano Tenmangu Shrine official website Located in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto , Kitanotenmangu Shrine is the head shrine of over 12,000 Tenmangu and Tenjin shrines across Japan.
Dedicated to Sugawara no Michizane , the god of learning, the shrine is a popular destination for students who visit to pray for academic success.
The shrine grounds are renowned for their collection of approximately 1,500 plum trees of 50 different varieties , making it one of Kyoto’s most famous plum blossom spots.
Additionally, the shrine features the Momiji-en , a garden with around 350 maple trees , offering stunning views throughout the changing seasons. The Main Hall (Honden) , a national treasure, was constructed by Toyotomi Hideyori and is distinguished by its rare eight-building structure , a unique feature in shrine architecture.
The grounds also house several “nade-ushi” (wishing cows) , and it is believed that rubbing their heads will grant your wishes.
On the 25th of each month , the shrine hosts the Tenjin Market , where about 1,000 stalls are set up, attracting many visitors.
History of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine
Kitanotenmangu Shrine, the head shrine of approximately 12,000 Tenmangu and Tenjin shrines across Japan, has a history spanning over 1,000 years . In this chapter, we will explore the rich history of the shrine.
Establishment and the Spirit of Sugawara no Michizane
In 942 , a divine message from Sugawara no Michizane was received by Tajihi Fumiko , a medium in the Ukyo Shichijo area. In 947 , a shrine was built at the site of Kita-no , as a means to pacify the calamities that had been occurring in Kyoto following Michizane’s death.
Michizane had been unjustly exiled to Dazaifu , where he passed away. After his death, many of the people responsible for his exile, as well as others in the court, suffered tragic fates, including lightning strikes on the Seiryo-den . This prompted the Imperial court to restore his honor, reviving his rank and constructing a shrine to appease his spirit.
Imperial Reverence
In 987 , Emperor Ichijo bestowed upon Michizane the title “Kitanotenmangu Daijizaitenjin” , and he became known as the “Tenjin-sama” , the god of learning. Later, in 1004 , Emperor Ichijo himself visited the shrine, marking the beginning of a long-standing relationship between the Imperial family and Kitanotenmangu Shrine.
During the Sengoku period , the shrine gained significant respect as a protector of the nation, receiving veneration from powerful families such as the Fujiwara clan and the Ashikaga shogunate .
In the Muromachi period , the shrine was known as Kitanosha , with contributions from the Imperial family, aristocrats, and military leaders supporting the construction and renovation of the shrine buildings.
The plum trees at Kitanotenmangu Shrine are famed because Michizane was said to have loved the flowers in his lifetime. This connection has led to the shrine becoming a well-known plum blossom viewing spot.
Development as the God of Learning
In the Edo period , Michizane’s image was displayed in schools (terakoya) across the country, where students prayed for academic success and martial arts skill development. As Michizane had been a scholar from a young age, recognized for his extraordinary talents, he became widely regarded as the God of Learning and the God of Performing Arts .
The current Main Hall (Honden) was constructed in 1607 by Toyotomi Hideyori . This national treasure reflects the Momoyama period architectural style, featuring the distinctive eight-building structure , with colorful decorations and luxurious carvings.
Since the Meiji period , the shrine has continued to be a popular place for worship, especially for students seeking academic success and individuals praying for success in the arts. The Tenjin Market held on the 25th of each month attracts thousands of visitors, making the shrine a beloved tourist destination.
Highlights of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine Kitanotenmangu Shrine, the head shrine of approximately 12,000 Tenmangu and Tenjin shrines across Japan, offers a variety of attractions ranging from the luxurious architecture of the Momoyama period to the beauty of nature throughout the four seasons. Here are three must-see spots when visiting the shrine:
Highlights of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine
National Treasure: Kondo and Majestic Buddhist Statues
The Late-Blooming Omuro Cherry Blossoms
Five-Story Pagoda and Scenic Garden Views
1. The Majestic Main Hall (National Treasure)
Image Source: Kitanotenmangu Shrine The Main Hall , constructed by Toyotomi Hideyori in 1607 , is a National Treasure that showcases the architectural style of the Momoyama period . The main hall and worship hall are connected by a stone-paved corridor, and it features a unique structure known as “Hachimoto-zukuri” , which includes side halls and a music room. The golden decorations and vibrant carvings reflect the luxurious tastes of the Toyotomi family, and visitors should not miss the three carved pumpkins, which were added by Toyotomi Hideyoshi to wish for military success. The carved cow in the lintel of the worship hall is also notable, being one of the Seven Wonders of Tenjin-sama .
2. The Mysterious Sankō Gate and Plum Garden
The Sankō Gate , located in front of the Main Hall, represents the three lights: sun , moon , and star . Interestingly, only the star carving is missing. This is linked to a legend that when the Emperor looked out from the Daikyō-den towards Kitanotenmangu, the North Star shone brightly above the gate. The shrine grounds are also home to about 50 varieties and 1,500 plum trees associated with Sugawara no Michizane . From February to March , visitors can enjoy the stunning view of red and white plum blossoms in full bloom.
3. The Nade-ushi (Cattle Statues) and Daikokuten Lantern
Image Source: Kitanotenmangu Shrine Official X There are several cattle statues in the shrine grounds, affectionately known as the Nade-ushi (petting cows). It is believed that rubbing their heads brings blessings for academic success, and the “One Wish Fulfilled Cow” near the cattle shrine has been a long-standing symbol of faith. Additionally, a stone lantern near the Sankō Gate features an image of Daikokuten . According to legend, if you place a small stone in its mouth and it doesn’t fall off, placing it in your wallet while praying ensures that you will never have financial troubles.
Best Seasons to Visit Kitano Tenmangu Shrine
Kitanotenmangu Shrine is a place where you can enjoy the beauty of all four seasons.
From early February to late March, around 1,500 plum trees come into full bloom, showcasing various types such as white and red plums, single-petaled and double-petaled flowers.
On February 25, the Plum Blossom Festival and Wild Tea Ceremony are held, attracting many visitors.
In autumn, the “Momiji-en” garden, known for its stunning fall colors, is a famous spot for maple leaves, with about 350 trees turning vibrant hues. From mid-November to early December, a nighttime illumination is also held, offering a magical view.
Additionally, on the 25th of each month, the “Tenjin Market” takes place, with around 1,000 stalls, making the shrine lively with visitors.
During the exam season, students from all over the country visit for success prayers, making Kitanotenmangu a year-round destination for many worshippers.
Access to Kitanotenmangu Shrine
Kitanotenmangu Shrine is located in the Kamigyo Ward of Kyoto City and can be accessed by various means of transportation. Many visitors come from Kyoto Station or Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion), so here’s a detailed guide on how to get there from both locations.
From Kyoto Station
The most convenient option from Kyoto Station is to take City Bus Line 50. Get off at the “Kitanotenmangu-mae” bus stop, and the shrine is just a 1-minute walk away. The journey takes about 35 minutes, and the fare is 230 yen.
Alternatively, if you prefer to take the train, take the Karasuma Subway Line from Kyoto Station to Imadegawa Station, then transfer to City Bus Line 203 at the Karasuma-Imadegawa bus stop. The total travel time is about 30 minutes, and the fare is 490 yen.
If you are taking a taxi, it will take approximately 20 minutes and cost around 2,500 to 3,500 yen.
Access Methods Bus, Train, Taxi Time Bus: 35 minutes Fare Bus: 230 yen
From Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion)
To get to Kitanotenmangu Shrine from Kinkaku-ji, the most convenient option is to take City Bus Line 59 and get off at “Kitanotenmangu-mae” bus stop. The journey takes about 15 minutes, and the fare is 230 yen.
Alternatively, you can walk, which takes about 25 minutes.
Along the way, you can also visit other famous sites such as Ryoan-ji, making it a pleasant walk, especially during the autumn foliage season when you can enjoy the charm of Kyoto while sightseeing.
Access Methods Bus, Walking Time Bus: 15 minutes Fare Bus: 230 yen
Kitano Tenmangu Shrine: Visiting Hours and Entrance Fees
The basic information for visiting Kitanotenmangu Shrine is summarized in the table below:
Item Details Visiting Hours April to September: 5:00 AM – 6:00 PM Office & Gift Shop 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM Entrance Fees Free admission to the shrine grounds Special Admission Plum Garden (early February to late March): Adults 1,200 yen, Elementary students 600 yenBoth include tea and sweets Holiday Open year-round, no holidays Illumination 25th of every month: Sunset to 9:00 PM Parking Available (but not on the 25th of each month)
Recommended Nearby Attractions of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine
There are several historic and notable spots around Kitanotenmangu Shrine.
The following two attractions are especially worth visiting:
Daishogun Hachiman Shrine
Image source: Kyoto Tourist Navi Located to the west of Kyoto, this shrine was established during the reign of Emperor Kanmu. It enshrines the star god of Onmyodo (the Japanese occult philosophy), Daishogun, and is known for its blessings related to warding off evil and protecting one from misfortune.
In front of the main hall, you will find a “Star Stone Pillar” related to the star god of Onmyodo, and in the Hokutoden Hall, 80 important cultural assets of Daishogun statues are displayed. The shrine holds two public viewings of these statues in May and November each year.
A popular item at the shrine is the blue goshuin book, which features star patterns and is highly sought after. The shrine is also home to a 400-year-old camphor tree, a well-known power spot. It is famous for its role as a guardian of direction and is often visited by people moving into new homes or starting new businesses, and its directional charms are also popular.
Genkoan Temple
Image source: Genkoan Temple A Zen temple of the Myoshinji school of Rinzai Zen, Genkoan is famous for its “Window of Enlightenment” and “Window of Delusion.” The main hall features two windows—one round and the other square—that symbolize Zen teachings. The round window represents complete enlightenment, while the square window symbolizes the constraints of life.
The temple is especially popular during the autumn when the beautiful foliage can be seen through these windows. In spring, the vibrant green leaves provide a refreshing contrast, allowing visitors to enjoy the changing seasons.
Inside the temple grounds is the “Gansui-an” tea room, historically known for being the residence of Sen no Rikyū’s disciple, Yamajō Sōji. Additionally, the stone garden in front of the Hojo (the main building) offers a serene space where one can experience the beauty of a dry landscape garden.
Frequently Asked Questions about Kitano Tenmangu Shrine
When is the best time to see the plum blossoms at Kitano Tenmangu?
The plum blossoms usually bloom from early February to late March, with the peak bloom period being from late February to mid-March.
What is the Tenjin Market held on the 25th of each month?
The Tenjin Market is a traditional flea market held on the 25th of each month, commemorating the birthday (June 25) and death anniversary (February 25) of Sugawara no Michizane.
What is the “Nade-ushi” (Rubbing the Ox)?
The shrine has several statues of oxen, which are considered sacred messengers of the gods.
When is the best time to see the autumn foliage?
The best time to see the autumn leaves is from late October to early December.
Summary
Kitano Tenmangu Shrine, the head shrine of approximately 12,000 Tenmangu and Tenjin shrines across Japan, enshrines Sugawara no Michizane, the god of learning.
The main hall, a national treasure, is a masterpiece of Momoyama architecture built by Toyotomi Hideyori. The shrine grounds feature around 1,500 plum trees and 350 maple trees.
The shrine is lively with seasonal events such as the Tenjin Market held on the 25th of each month, the Plum Blossom Festival in February, and the autumn Momiji-en (Maple Garden).
In addition, there are numerous famous sights such as the “Nade-ushi” (Rubbing the Ox) and the “Sankomon” gate, which are part of the shrine’s seven mysteries. During the exam season, it attracts many visitors from all over Japan.
Be sure to visit when you’re in Kyoto!
